S8-EU2 : 2ND CYCLE MASTER
S08-TRA-2-1 : Research Seminar
Responsible for : Noura Arab
Objectives
The three semesters of the TRANSFORM seminar aim at the following research literacy skills:
- To have an accurate representation of the scientific research activity. According to the initiation that will have been introduced in the bachelor's degree, in the master's degree, the student will have a better knowledge of the methodologies of research, its objects, the conditions of its production, its fields of application, in all their variety. In terms of skills, the student must be able to situate his or her research activity in different epistemological currents, to characterize the different meanings of the term "research".
- Carry out a state of the art. To carry out a state of the art consists in identifying the existing works, knowledge and methods that shed light on a given problem, and to evaluate their coherence, contradictions and complementarities. The student must therefore be able to conduct an analysis of his reference material according to explicit criteria. Thus, the capacities of synthesis, analysis and evaluation are inseparable. They allow for the appropriation of previous work so as to be able to integrate it into their own approach.
- To practice a scientific approach. We consider here that logical argumentation is the basis of any scientific approach, whatever the field concerned, from philosophy to quantum mechanics. The capacity for argumentation is constantly solicited in everyday life, and the aim of the research courses is to specify and assume the conditions of validity of the argumentation. The student must thus be able to state his or her probationary regime, to identify the descriptors and parameters of the phenomenon studied, and to mobilize the appropriate tools.
- Communicate scientific results. The student must be able to adapt the form of communication to the scientific nature of the content. This involves highlighting the validity of the approach, the novelty, the scope and the limits of the results obtained. This skill cannot be developed without the two previous ones, which include in particular the ability to synthesize and the quality of the argumentation. Finally, the specific content requires writing that makes the thought explicit, using precise and unambiguous terms.
- Knowing the research environment/integrating a research dynamic. This competence consists of being able to practice the research activity in a context dedicated to it. This competence includes being able to integrate into a research project with its constraints of objectives, resources, deadlines and actors. It also involves understanding the organization of research teams and the variety of associated tasks, from responding to calls for proposals to development strategies.
- To have an accurate representation of the scientific research activity. According to the initiation that will have been introduced in the bachelor's degree, in the master's degree, the student will have a better knowledge of the methodologies of research, its objects, the conditions of its production, its fields of application, in all their variety. In terms of skills, the student must be able to situate his or her research activity in different epistemological currents, to characterize the different meanings of the term "research".
- Carry out a state of the art. To carry out a state of the art consists in identifying the existing works, knowledge and methods that shed light on a given problem, and to evaluate their coherence, contradictions and complementarities. The student must therefore be able to conduct an analysis of his reference material according to explicit criteria. Thus, the capacities of synthesis, analysis and evaluation are inseparable. They allow for the appropriation of previous work so as to be able to integrate it into their own approach.
- To practice a scientific approach. We consider here that logical argumentation is the basis of any scientific approach, whatever the field concerned, from philosophy to quantum mechanics. The capacity for argumentation is constantly solicited in everyday life, and the aim of the research courses is to specify and assume the conditions of validity of the argumentation. The student must thus be able to state his or her probationary regime, to identify the descriptors and parameters of the phenomenon studied, and to mobilize the appropriate tools.
- Communicate scientific results. The student must be able to adapt the form of communication to the scientific nature of the content. This involves highlighting the validity of the approach, the novelty, the scope and the limits of the results obtained. This skill cannot be developed without the two previous ones, which include in particular the ability to synthesize and the quality of the argumentation. Finally, the specific content requires writing that makes the thought explicit, using precise and unambiguous terms.
- Knowing the research environment/integrating a research dynamic. This competence consists of being able to practice the research activity in a context dedicated to it. This competence includes being able to integrate into a research project with its constraints of objectives, resources, deadlines and actors. It also involves understanding the organization of research teams and the variety of associated tasks, from responding to calls for proposals to development strategies.
Content
While pursuing this pedagogical objective, the seminar is intended to be a place for the production of cumulative knowledge, specific to the field of study, and periodically giving rise to a scientific publication of a good level. More precisely, each student in M1 is expected to contribute to a regional inventory (of techniques, buildings, urban forms, etc.) to be redefined periodically, and problematized. This first production will be concretized from the student's point of view by the rendering of a document articulating a standardized descriptive sheet for one or several specimens with their analysis in the form of case studies.
The theme chosen for the years 2022-2024 is the characterization of Normandy's buildings in terms of their suitability for future climates. Environmental concerns have already led committed architects to implement the principles of eco-design, whose objective is to minimize the impact of buildings on the environment throughout their life cycle: combining a bio-climatic approach with the choice of ecological materials, little transformed, little transported, renewable or reused, which minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Despite these efforts, habits and profitability have limited the renewal of practices, and it is clear that climate change is already perceptible. Assessments by local IPCC climatologists predict with near certainty an increase in the number and magnitude of droughts, floods, and heat waves. While interventions to reduce the risks associated with the first two are mainly technical, architecture as a whole is more involved in reducing the impacts of heat waves on well-being, health, and the economy.
Architects are therefore asked to provide society with a better knowledge of the potential of local architecture to cope with the increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves, region by region, micro-climate by micro-climate. In this objective it is necessary:
* to characterize the local buildings in terms of summer thermal comfort
* to identify urban heat islands and, more globally, areas of aggravated risk
* to propose intervention strategies by type of building and situation
* to evaluate the gains and the feasibility of a proactive policy in terms of building adaptation.
The pedagogical principle consists in building with the students the appropriate methodology to :
* to make an inventory of the characteristics of the building which have an influence on the thermal comfort of summer
* identify the main typomorphological families likely to have similar behaviors
* collect data by observation and analysis of archives and enrich databases
* identify representative specimens on which to conduct the evaluation of summer thermal comfort and the qualities of the building to preserve.
Following a first collective work of methodological genesis, each student or pair of students will be responsible for describing a sector of the agglomeration, so as to cover all situations (dates, density, micro-climates).
The theme chosen for the years 2022-2024 is the characterization of Normandy's buildings in terms of their suitability for future climates. Environmental concerns have already led committed architects to implement the principles of eco-design, whose objective is to minimize the impact of buildings on the environment throughout their life cycle: combining a bio-climatic approach with the choice of ecological materials, little transformed, little transported, renewable or reused, which minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Despite these efforts, habits and profitability have limited the renewal of practices, and it is clear that climate change is already perceptible. Assessments by local IPCC climatologists predict with near certainty an increase in the number and magnitude of droughts, floods, and heat waves. While interventions to reduce the risks associated with the first two are mainly technical, architecture as a whole is more involved in reducing the impacts of heat waves on well-being, health, and the economy.
Architects are therefore asked to provide society with a better knowledge of the potential of local architecture to cope with the increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves, region by region, micro-climate by micro-climate. In this objective it is necessary:
* to characterize the local buildings in terms of summer thermal comfort
* to identify urban heat islands and, more globally, areas of aggravated risk
* to propose intervention strategies by type of building and situation
* to evaluate the gains and the feasibility of a proactive policy in terms of building adaptation.
The pedagogical principle consists in building with the students the appropriate methodology to :
* to make an inventory of the characteristics of the building which have an influence on the thermal comfort of summer
* identify the main typomorphological families likely to have similar behaviors
* collect data by observation and analysis of archives and enrich databases
* identify representative specimens on which to conduct the evaluation of summer thermal comfort and the qualities of the building to preserve.
Following a first collective work of methodological genesis, each student or pair of students will be responsible for describing a sector of the agglomeration, so as to cover all situations (dates, density, micro-climates).
Evaluation method
Continuous assessment: 30
- attendance and commitment
- Intermediate reports such as reading sheets, observation files, investigation reports, dissertation progress report.
Final report : 70
- oral presentation: 20
- written report : 50
- attendance and commitment
- Intermediate reports such as reading sheets, observation files, investigation reports, dissertation progress report.
Final report : 70
- oral presentation: 20
- written report : 50
Work required
Research report using the elements of S7, and leading to the production of standardized inventory sheets
Hours
Lectures : 0.00
Tutorial : 42.00
ECTS credit
6.00
Coefficients
1.00
S08-TRA-2-2 : Factory 2: Eco-processing
Responsible for : Noura Arab
Objectives
To extend in an operational way the research approach initiated in the seminar and to mobilize the technical knowledge to intervene on the existing in an ecological way. The concrete situation envisaged consists in improving the quality of life of a public space in Rouen during a heat wave. This intervention must limit the grey energy consumed and the greenhouse gas emissions.
Content
> To carry out a worldwide reasoned inventory of outdoor cooling devices. Each example is illustrated with images and a presentation text. All the elements of the corpus are then classified in an operational perspective.
> Transpose to the territory of Rouen: evaluate the potential of the metropolis with regard to the devices and concepts identified and classified in the previous step (could they be applied here?). Carry out critical studies of urban developments in the Rouen Normandy Metropolis that may have had an impact on urban heat islands.
> Identify the most suitable outdoor public spaces in the metropolis for intervention, which combine a clear presumption of urban heat island with a strong potential for use. These spaces can be single or networked, but the idea is to aim for a significant reduction in discomfort (for users of the space) and UHI (for neighbouring buildings).
> Formulate an intervention proposal. This involves setting precise objectives in terms of use and urban atmosphere; representing the technical devices, uses and atmospheres before and after; and giving credibility to the achievement of the objectives by relying on a description of physical, social and psychological phenomena.
> Transpose to the territory of Rouen: evaluate the potential of the metropolis with regard to the devices and concepts identified and classified in the previous step (could they be applied here?). Carry out critical studies of urban developments in the Rouen Normandy Metropolis that may have had an impact on urban heat islands.
> Identify the most suitable outdoor public spaces in the metropolis for intervention, which combine a clear presumption of urban heat island with a strong potential for use. These spaces can be single or networked, but the idea is to aim for a significant reduction in discomfort (for users of the space) and UHI (for neighbouring buildings).
> Formulate an intervention proposal. This involves setting precise objectives in terms of use and urban atmosphere; representing the technical devices, uses and atmospheres before and after; and giving credibility to the achievement of the objectives by relying on a description of physical, social and psychological phenomena.
Evaluation method
TD evaluation: Continuous work, compulsory presence in the Fabrique.
Weekly collective and personal production and presentation.
A final report on the exercise requested at the end of the course (file + oral presentation)
Continuous assessment: 30
- attendance and commitment
- intermediate reports.
Final report : 70
- oral presentation : 20
- final report : 50
Weekly collective and personal production and presentation.
A final report on the exercise requested at the end of the course (file + oral presentation)
Continuous assessment: 30
- attendance and commitment
- intermediate reports.
Final report : 70
- oral presentation : 20
- final report : 50
Work required
* Description of urban microclimate modulation systems
* Case study of urban development in Rouen from the point of view of the UHI
* Proposal of intervention on the public space outside
* Case study of urban development in Rouen from the point of view of the UHI
* Proposal of intervention on the public space outside
Hours
Lectures : 0.00
Tutorials : 22.00
ECTS credit
2.00
Coefficients
2.00